Methods and apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference in a wireless network

ABSTRACT

Methods and apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference in a wireless network are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a station component interface to receive an expected transmission power from an access point; an index processor to determine a set of preferred resource unit (RU) indexes from a set of available RU indexes for at least one of (A) uplink transmission to the access point based on a comparison of allowable transmission power and the expected transmission power or (B) downlink reception based on a comparison of a noise floor to a noise threshold; and the station component interface to transmit a message including the preferred RU indexes to the access point.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This patent from a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/651,971, which was filed on Mar. 27, 2020, which is a continuation ofPCT International Application Serial No. PCT/US17/67043, which was filedon Dec. 18, 2017. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/651,971 and PCTInternational Application Serial No. PCT/US17/67043 re herebyincorporated herein by reference in their entireties. Priority to U.S.patent application Ser. No. 16/651,971 and PCT International ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US17/67043 is hereby claimed.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

This disclosure relates generally to wireless fidelity connectivity(Wi-Fi) and, more particularly, to methods and apparatus to mitigatecoexistence interference in a wireless network.

BACKGROUND

Many locations provide Wi-Fi to connect Wi-Fi enabled devices tonetworks such as the Internet. Wi-Fi enabled devices include personalcomputers, video-game consoles, mobile phones and devices, digitalcameras, tablets, smart televisions, digital audio players, etc. Wi-Fiallows the Wi-Fi enabled devices to wirelessly access the Internet via awireless local area network (WLAN). To provide Wi-Fi connectivity to adevice, a Wi-Fi access point transmits a radio frequency Wi-Fi signal tothe Wi-Fi enabled device within the access point (e.g., a hotspot)signal range. Wi-Fi is implemented using a set of media access control(MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications (e.g., such as theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11protocol).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration of an example station used herein to mitigatecoexistence interference in a wireless network.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example resource allocation preferencedeterminer of the example station of FIG. 1.

FIGS. 3-6 are flowcharts representative of example machine readableinstructions that may be executed to implement the example resourceallocation preference determiner of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

FIG. 7 illustrates example diagrams of a determination of preferredresource units for downlink reception and uplink transmission of theexample station of FIG. 1.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a radio architecture in accordance withsome examples.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example front-end module circuitry for use in theradio architecture of FIG. 8 in accordance with some examples.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example radio IC circuitry for use in the radioarchitecture of FIG. 8 in accordance with some examples.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example baseband processing circuitry for use inthe radio architecture of FIG. 8 in accordance with some examples.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a processor platform structured to executethe example machine readable instructions of FIG. 3-6 to implement theexample resource allocation preference determiner of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

The figures are not to scale. Wherever possible, the same referencenumbers will be used throughout the drawing(s) and accompanying writtendescription to refer to the same or like parts.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various locations (e.g., homes, offices, coffee shops, restaurants,parks, airports, etc.) may provide Wi-Fi to Wi-Fi enabled devices (e.g.,stations (STA)) to connect the Wi-Fi enabled devices to the Internet, orany other network, with minimal hassle. The locations may provide one ormore Wi-Fi access points (APs) to output Wi-Fi signals to the Wi-Fienabled device within a transmission range of the Wi-Fi signals (e.g., ahotspot). A Wi-Fi AP is structured to wirelessly connect a Wi-Fi enableddevice to the Internet through a wireless local area network (WLAN)using Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., such as IEEE 802.11). The Wi-Fi protocol isthe protocol by which the AP communicates with the STAs to provideaccess to the Internet by transmitting uplink (UL) transmission data andreceiving downlink (DL) transmission data to/from the Internet.

Some Wi-Fi protocols (e.g., 802.11ax) enable an AP to schedule DL and ULtransmissions between one or more connected STAs. The AP may aggregatedata from the multiple STAs while leveraging orthogonalfrequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) for frequency allocationamong the STAs. The AP facilitates the OFDMA bandwidth between themultiple STAs (e.g., for transmitting and/or receiving) using a ResourceUnit (RU) allocation scheme, where a STA communicates using one or moreRU index(es) (e.g., subchannels of the allocated Wi-Fi frequency band)as defined by the AP. For example, for STAs participating in a 40Megahertz (MHz) OFDMA transmission, the RU indexes each include 26 toneswith a bandwidth of 2 MHz. Accordingly, the AP may schedule a first STAfor communication (e.g., uplink reception (UL RX) from the first STA)using a first set of RU indexes and may schedule a second STA forcommunication (e.g., uplink transmission (UL TX) from the second STA) atthe same time using a second set of RU indexes. Alternatively, othertypes of OFDMA transmissions may also be divided into an RU allocationscheme (e.g., 20 MHz, 80 MHz, 160 MHz, etc.)

Some STAs include an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) modem (e.g., a 2generation (2G) ATM, a third generation (3G) ATM, a fourth generation(4G) ATM, a long-term evolution (LTE) ATM, etc.) for ATM-basedcommunications. For example, a mobile phone, tablet, laptop, etc. mayinclude a Wi-Fi modem (e.g., Wi-Fi based radio architecture) and an ATMmodem (e.g., ATM-based radio architecture). For example, the Wi-Fi modemmay facilitate communications within the 2.4 Gigahertz (GHz) industrial,scientific, and medical (ISM) band (e.g., 2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz) while anLTE ATM modem may facilitate communications in LTE Bands 7, 40, and/or41 (e.g., 2.5 GHz-2.57 GHz, 2.3 GHz-2.4 GHz, and/or 2.496 GHz-2.690 GHz,respectively). Because the bands used by the ATM modem and the bandsused by the Wi-Fi modem are so close together in frequency, active useof the ATM modem at the same time as the Wi-Fi modem may causecoexistence interference to the transmission/reception of either modem.Some conventional techniques for mitigating WLAN-ATM coexistenceinterference in 802.11ax rely on filtering solutions, time divisiontechniques, and TX power reduction techniques. However, such techniquesare expensive. Some conventional techniques for mitigating WLAN-ATMcoexistence inference in wireless protocols (e.g., prior to 802.11ax)include reporting interference (e.g., central frequency and bandwidth)that block/de-sense the RX of the STA. However, such techniques do notinclude transmitting hardware capabilities of the STA or temporal linkconditions and link demands. Additionally, such conventional techniquesdo not solve the problem of STA transmissions that may block/de-sensethe RX of an adjacent radio.

Examples disclosed herein mitigate coexistence interference between ATMcommunications and Wi-Fi communications in a wireless network tooptimize overall throughput of both ATM traffic and WLAN traffic whenthey are active concurrently. Examples disclosed herein provide anadaptive frequency allocation scheme within the OFDMA associatedbandwidth range to mitigate Wi-Fi/LTE interferences in the frequencydomain. Examples disclosed herein include STAs that determine preferredRUs to be allocated for Wi-Fi transmissions that will not be interferedby/interfere with ATM communications. The STAs transmit the preferredRUs in a message (e.g., a resource allocation preference request (RAPR))to an AP for communication scheduling based on the preferred RUs. Insome examples, if a STA's ATM modem is currently active, the STA candetermine that the RUs nearest the frequencies used by the ATM modeminclude a higher noise floor than the RUs furthest from the frequenciesused by the ATM modem. In such an example, the STA may select the RUsfurthest from the frequencies used by the ATM as preferred RUs to beused for receiving DL packets from an AP (e.g., DL RX). In someexamples, the STA selects the preferred RUs for DL RX based on acomparison of the noise floor power caused by the ATM modem and aminimal RSSI threshold. In some examples, if a STA's ATM modem iscurrently active, the STA can determine that the maximum TX power of aWi-Fi antenna needs to be reduced for RUs nearest the frequencies usedby the ATM modem to prevent TX interference on the ATM's communications(e.g., to allow for Wi-Fi/ATM coexistence). In such an example, the STAmay select the RUs furthest from the frequencies used by the ATM aspreferred RUs to be used for transmitting TX packets to an AP (e.g., ULTX). In some examples, the STA selects the preferred RUs for UL TX basedon a comparison of the maximum TX power for coexistence and a minimal TXpower requirement from the AP.

The example STA includes the preferred RUs for UL and DL transmissionsin the RAPR to be sent to the AP for OFDMA scheduling. Additionally, aSTA may include bandwidth (BW) priority bits in the RAPR to identifywhether OFDMA scheduling of UL and/or DL transmissions using the BWcorresponding to the preferred RUs is (A) mandatory or (B) optional(e.g., preferable but not necessarily required). In this manner, the APcan optimize the OFDMA scheduling based on the BW priority. The STA maydetermine the UL or DL BW priority based on current bandwidth demands,strength of current interference, etc. In some examples the STA candefine separate RU preferences for UL and DL transmissions based on thetype of interference (e.g., frequency division duplexing (FDD) uplinkonly or time division duplexing (TDD)).

In some examples, when a STA only has partial information oninterference characteristics and/or platform characteristics availableto the STA (e.g., when the STA has knowledge of an active interferingradio adjacent to it, but does not have a calculated allowed TX powerper RU or when an interfering radio is no co-located with the Wi-Fidevice in the STA), examples disclosed herein perform a heuristicalgorithm for determining the preferred RUs. Such examples includeselecting a RU for DL/UL that is assumed to be safe (e.g., not likely tointerfere or be interfered with). In such examples, the STA determinesthe protocol data unit (PDU) success rate corresponding to the selectedRU. If the PDU success rate is above a rate threshold, the range ofpreferred RUs is expanded and the process continues until an optimalpreferred RU BW is determined (e.g., the maximum BW is achieved thatsatisfies the rate threshold). If the PDU success rate is below the ratethreshold (e.g., or a second rate threshold), the range of the preferredRUs is decreased and/or the selected RU is changed and the processcontinues until the preferred RU BW is determined.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example STA 100 to mitigate Wi-Fi/ATM coexistenceinterference in a wireless network. FIG. 1 includes the example STA 100,an example AP 102, an example Wi-Fi radio architecture 104, an exampleATM modem 106, an example resource allocation preference determiner 108,and an example network 110. Although the example of FIG. 1 includes oneSTA 100, the example AP 102 may communicate with any number of STAs.

The example STA 100 of FIG. 1 is a Wi-Fi and/or ATM enabled computingdevice. The example STA 100 may be, for example, a computing device, aportable device, a mobile device, a mobile telephone, a smart phone, atablet, a gaming system, a digital camera, a digital video recorder, atelevision, a set top box, an e-book reader, and/or any other Wi-Fiand/or ATM enabled device. The example STA 100 communicates with theexample AP 102 to access the example network 110 (e.g., the Internet).The STA 100 includes the example Wi-Fi radio architecture 104, theexample ATM modem 106, and/or the example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108, as further described below.

The example AP 102 of FIG. 1 is a device that allow the example STA 100to access the example network 110 (e.g., the Internet). The example AP102 may be a router, a modem-router, a receiver, and/or any otherdevices that provide a wireless connection to the example network 110.In one example, the AP 102 may be a router that provides a wirelesscommunication link to the example STA 100 using a predeterminedfrequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and/or any other frequency band).A modem-router combines the functionalities of the modem and the router.The AP 102 accesses the network 110 through a wire connection via amodem. In some examples the AP 102 facilitates Wi-Fi communicationsand/or ATM communications for the example STA 100 to the example network110. In some examples, there may be two APs, a first AP to facilitateWi-Fi communications and a second AP (e.g., an ATM antenna or tower) tofacilitate ATM communications.

The example radio architecture 104 of FIG. 1 corresponds to thecomponents of the example STA 100 capable of communicating using a Wi-Fiprotocol and the example ATM modem 106 of FIG. 1 corresponds to thecomponents of the example STA 100 capable of communication using an ATM(e.g., LTE) protocol. The example radio architecture 104 is furtherdescribed below in conjunction with FIG. 8.

The example resource allocation preference determiner 108 of FIG. 1mitigates Wi-Fi/ATM coexistence interference by transmitting a message(e.g., a RAPR) corresponding to preferred RU indexes for DL RX and/or ULTX. In this manner, the example AP 102 can determine how to allocate theOFDMA bandwidth based on the RU index preferences of the STA 100 andother connected STAs. The example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 determines the preferred RU indexes for DL RX based on acomparison of a noise floor of each RU index and a RSSI threshold. Theexample resource allocation preference determiner 108 determines thepreferred RU indexes for UL TX based on a comparison of (A) the maximumallowable transmission power that may be utilized without causingsubstantial interference on the transmission of the ATM modem 106 (e.g.,when active) and (B) the minimum desired TX power (e.g., sent by theexample AP 102). The example resource allocation preference determiner108 may update the RAPR based on STA changes (e.g., BW requirementchanges, ATM transmission changes, location changes, data success ratechanges, etc.) to expand or reduce a range of preferred RU indexes. Insome examples, the resource allocation preference determiner 108indicates a preferred RU BW priority corresponding to whetherutilization of the preferred RU index range is mandatory or optional(e.g., preferred). When the preferred RU index range is optional, theexample AP 102 may schedule the example STA 100 at RU indexes outsidethe preferred range when necessary.

The example network 110 of FIG. 1 is a system of interconnected systemsexchanging data. The example network 110 may be implemented using anytype of public or private network such as, but not limited to, theInternet, a telephone network, a local area network (LAN), a cablenetwork, and/or a wireless network. To enable communication via thenetwork 110, the example AP 102 includes one or more communicationinterface(s) that enables a connection to an Ethernet, a digitalsubscriber line (DSL), a telephone line, a coaxial cable, or anywireless connection, etc.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 of FIG. 1. The example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 includes an example STA component interface 200, anexample RU index processor 202, an example packet generator 204, and anexample STA (station) condition analyzer 206.

The example STA component interface 200 of FIG. 2 interfaces withcomponents of the example STA 100 (e.g., the example Wi-Fi radioarchitecture 104 and/or the example ATM modem 106 of FIG. 1) to transmitsignals (e.g., including RAPR messages), receive signals (e.g., controlsignals identifying expected TX power), and/or gather status informationfrom the components of the STA 100. For example, the STA componentinterface 200 may interface with the example ATM modem 106 and/or radioarchitecture 104 to gather data corresponding to a maximum allowed TXpower for coexistence using one or more RUs, a noise floor for one ormore RUs, etc.

The example RU index processor 202 of FIG. 2 determines the preferredRUs for UL TX and/or DL RX. The example RU index processor 202determines the preferred RUs for UL TX by comparing the allowable TXpower level for each RU index to the expected TX power (e.g., from theAP 102). The allowable TX power level corresponds to a maximum TX powerlevel that can be used by a transmitter (e.g., the example antenna 801of FIG. 8) to transmit a DL data packet without causing interference(e.g., more than a threshold amount of interference) on the ATM (e.g.,LTE) transmission. The example RU index processor 202 determines thepreferred RUs for DL RX by comparing the noise floor of each RU index toa minimal RSSI level. The expected noise floor corresponds to thein-device interference cause by ATM transmissions and the minimal RSSIlevel corresponds to an amount of noise that would cause sufficientinterference to affect the reception of a DL packet by the radioarchitecture 104. In some examples, the RU index processor 202determines the UL/DL priority based on the bandwidth demands, strengthof current interference, etc. As described above, the UL/DL prioritycorresponds to whether the preferred RU units are optional or mandatorywhen scheduling OFDMA for the STA 100. In some examples, the RU indexprocessor 202 may expand or adjust the preferred RU values based onchanges in the network, changes in the ATM use of the STA 100, and/orperformance of a heuristic algorithm (e.g., when only partialinformation on interference characteristics and/or platformcharacteristics are known).

The example packet generator 204 of FIG. 2 generates a RAPR packet to betransmitted to the AP 102 identifying the preferred RUs for UL TX and/orDL RX of the STA 100 based on the processing by the example RU indexprocessor 202. In some example, the example RAPR may include a ULminimal index (e.g., the minimum 2 MHz RU index that should beconsidered for allocation for the STA 100 for UL TX), a UL maximal index(e.g., the maximum 2 MHz RU index that should be considered forallocation for the STA for UL TX), a DL minimal index (e.g., the minimum2 MHz RU index that should be considered for allocation for the STA 100for DL RX), a DL maximal index (e.g., the maximum 2 MHz RU index thatshould be considered for allocation for the STA for DL RX), an UL BWpriority (e.g., a bit value that corresponds to whether RUs outside ofthe min/max UL indexes (A) may never be allocated for the STA 100 or (B)may be used if the preferred range cannot be fulfilled), and a DL BWpriority (e.g., a bit value that corresponds to whether RUs outside ofthe min/max DL indexes (A) may never be allocated for the STA 100 or (B)may be used if the preferred range cannot be fulfilled). In someexamples, the min/max UL/DL indexes may be replaced with a list ofpreferred UL/DL indexes.

The example STA condition analyzer 206 of FIG. 2 analyzes the STAconditions based on the information received from the example STAcomponent interface 200. In some examples, the STA conditional analyzer206 determines the allowable transmitter power level of each RU indexbased on the characteristics of the radio architecture 104 and/or theexample ATM modem 106. For example, the example STA condition analyzer206 obtains (A) an allowed de-sense level for an active ATM (e.g., LTE)RX channel and (B) out-of-band emission characteristics of a transmitterof the radio architecture 104 and the guaranteed isolation between theLTE receiver antenna and the Wi-Fi transmitter antenna to calculate theWi-Fi TX power that would satisfy the de-sense requirement.Additionally, the example STA condition analyzer 206 may determine thatthe bandwidth corresponding to the preferred RUs needs to be expandedbased on a determination that the queue of UL data packets is too longin a buffer (e.g., corresponding to the memory 1214, 1213, and/or 1216of FIG. 12) of the radio architecture 104. In such examples, thepreferred RUs for UL TX may be expanded and/or the priority bit for ULTX may be adjusted to expand the BW beyond the preferred RUs. In someexamples, the STA conditional analyzer 206 calculates the expected noisefloor for an RU that will be resulted due to ATM transmission. Theexamples STA conditional analyzer 206 may calculate the expected noisefloor based on noise sources and unwanted signals in the STA 100.Additionally, the example STA conditional analyzer 206 may determine aPDU success rate based on a ratio of data packets received at the radioarchitecture 104.

While an example manner of implementing the example resource allocationpreference determiner 108 of FIG. 1 is illustrated in FIG. 2, one ormore of the elements, processes and/or devices illustrated in FIG. 2 maybe combined, divided, re-arranged, omitted, eliminated and/orimplemented in any other way. Further, the example STA componentinterface 200, the example RU index processor 202, the example packetgenerator 204, the example STA condition analyzer 206, and/or, moregenerally, the example resource allocation preference determiner 108 ofFIG. 2 and/or the example application processor 810 of FIG. 8 may beimplemented by hardware, software, firmware and/or any combination ofhardware, software and/or firmware. Thus, for example, any of theexample STA component interface 200, the example RU index processor 202,the example packet generator 204, the example STA condition analyzer206, and/or, more generally, the example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 of FIG. 2 and/or the example application processor 810 ofFIG. 8 could be implemented by one or more analog or digital circuit(s),logic circuits, programmable processor(s), application specificintegrated circuit(s) (ASIC(s)), programmable logic device(s) (PLD(s))and/or field programmable logic device(s) (FPLD(s)). When reading any ofthe apparatus or system claims of this patent to cover a purely softwareand/or firmware implementation, at least one of the example STAcomponent interface 200, the example RU index processor 202, the examplepacket generator 204, the example STA condition analyzer 206, and/or,more generally, the example resource allocation preference determiner108 of FIG. 2 and/or the example application processor 810 of FIG. 8is/are hereby expressly defined to include a non-transitory computerreadable storage device or storage disk such as a memory, a digitalversatile disk (DVD), a compact disk (CD), a Blu-ray disk, etc.including the software and/or firmware. Further still the example STAcomponent interface 200, the example RU index processor 202, the examplepacket generator 204, the example STA condition analyzer 206, and/or,more generally, the example resource allocation preference determiner108 of FIG. 2 and/or the example application processor 810 of FIG. 8 mayinclude one or more elements, processes and/or devices in addition to,or instead of, those illustrated in FIG. 2, and/or may include more thanone of any or all of the illustrated elements, processes and devices.

Flowcharts representative of example machine readable instructions forimplementing the example resource allocation preference determiner 108of FIG. 2 are shown in FIGS. 3-6. In this example, the machine readableinstructions comprise a program for execution by a processor such as theprocessor 1212 shown in the example processor platform 1200 discussedbelow in connection with FIG. 12. The program may be embodied insoftware stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage mediumsuch as a CD-ROM, a floppy disk, a hard drive, a digital versatile disk(DVD), a Blu-ray disk, or a memory associated with the processor 1212,but the entire program and/or parts thereof could alternatively beexecuted by a device other than the processor 1212 and/or embodied infirmware or dedicated hardware. Further, although the example program isdescribed with reference to the flowchart illustrated in FIGS. 3-6, manyother methods of implementing the example resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 may alternatively be used. For example, the order ofexecution of the blocks may be changed, and/or some of the blocksdescribed may be changed, eliminated, or combined. Additionally oralternatively, any or all of the blocks may be implemented by one ormore hardware circuits (e.g., discrete and/or integrated analog and/ordigital circuitry, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), anApplication Specific Integrated circuit (ASIC), a comparator, anoperational-amplifier (op-amp), a logic circuit, etc.) structured toperform the corresponding operation without executing software orfirmware.

As mentioned above, the example processes of FIGS. 3-6 may beimplemented using coded instructions (e.g., computer and/or machinereadable instructions) stored on a non-transitory computer and/ormachine readable medium such as a hard disk drive, a flash memory, aread-only memory, a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a cache, arandom-access memory and/or any other storage device or storage disk inwhich information is stored for any duration (e.g., for extended timeperiods, permanently, for brief instances, for temporarily buffering,and/or for caching of the information). As used herein, the termnon-transitory computer readable medium is expressly defined to includeany type of computer readable storage device and/or storage disk and toexclude propagating signals and to exclude transmission media.“Including” and “comprising” (and all forms and tenses thereof) are usedherein to be open ended terms. Thus, whenever a claim lists anythingfollowing any form of “include” or “comprise” (e.g., comprises,includes, comprising, including, etc.), it is to be understood thatadditional elements, terms, etc. may be present without falling outsidethe scope of the corresponding claim. As used herein, when the phrase“at least” is used as the transition term in a preamble of a claim, itis open-ended in the same manner as the term “comprising” and“including” are open ended.

FIG. 3 is an example flowchart 300 representative of example machinereadable instructions that may be executed by the example resourceallocation preference determiner 108 of FIG. 1 to mitigate coexistenceinterference in a wireless network. Although, the example flowchart 300is described in conjunction with the resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 of the example STA 100, the instructions may be executedby any of the resource allocation preference determiner of type of STA.

At block 302, the example STA component interface 200 receives anexpected TX power from the example AP 102 (e.g., via the example radioarchitecture 104). The example AP 102 may transmit a message thatindicates the expected TX power that the STA 100 should use whentransmitting UL packets to the example AP 102. At block 304, the exampleresource allocation preference determiner 108 determines the preferredRU indexes for UL TX based on the expected TX power, as furtherdescribed below in conjunction with FIG. 4. In some examples, theresource allocation preference determiner 108 determines a minimum and amaximum preferred RU index representative of a preferred RU index range.In some examples, the resource allocation preference determiner 108determines the individual RU indexes as being preferred.

At block 306, the example resource allocation preference determiner 108determines the preferred RU indexes for DL TX based on a noisethreshold. In some examples, the resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 determines a minimum and a maximum preferred RU indexrepresentative of a preferred RU index range. In some examples, theresource allocation preference determiner 108 determines the individualRU indexes as being preferred. At block 308, the example RU indexprocessor 202 determines the UL/DL BW priority. The UL/DL BW prioritycorresponds to whether the operation using the preferred RU range for ULand/or DL transmission is optional or mandatory. The example RU indexprocessor 202 determines the UL/DL BW priority based on currentbandwidth demands, strength of current interference, etc. In someexamples, the UL BW priority is different than the DL BW priority.

At block 310, the example packet generator 204 generates a RAPR based onthe preferred RU indexes (e.g., the individual preferred RU indexes orthe min/max RU indexes for the preferred range) for UL TX/DL RX and theUL/DL priority. At block 312, the example STA component interface 200interfaces with the example radio architecture 104 to transmit the RAPRto the example AP 102. At block 314, the example STA condition analyzer206 determines whether a bandwidth requirement for the transmitter ofthe STA 100 is satisfied. The bandwidth requirement may correspond to athreshold amount of UL data that may be stored in a buffer of the radioarchitecture 104 (e.g., corresponding to the buffer being backed-up). Ifmore than the threshold amount of data is stored in the buffer, theexample STA condition analyzer 206 determines that the UL TX bandwidthneeds to be expanded to decrease the backup in the buffer.

If the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines that the bandwidthrequirement for the transmitter of the STA 100 is satisfied (e.g., thebuffer is not backed-up) (block 314: YES), the process continues toblock 320, as further described below. If the example STA conditionanalyzer 206 determines that the bandwidth requirement for thetransmitter of the STA 100 is not satisfied (e.g., the buffer isbacked-up) (block 314: NO), the example packet generator 204 updates theRAPR to increase the bandwidth of the UL TX (block 316). The examplepacket generator 204 may update the RAPR to increase the bandwidth byeither including more preferred RUs for the UL TX or by setting thepriority bit from a value corresponding to mandatory use of thepreferred RUs to a value corresponding to optional use of the preferredRUs. In this manner, the example AP 102 can increase the BW of the UL TXof the STA to decrease the back-up in the buffer. At block 318, theexample STA component interface 200 interfaces with the example radioarchitecture 106 of FIG. 1 to transmit the updated RARP to the exampleAP 102.

At block 320, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines if theATM conditions and/or the location of the STA 100 have changed. Forexample, the STA 100 may cease ATM transmissions and/or may move to adifferent location, thereby affecting the RU characteristics. In thismanner, the RU indexes can be retested to adjust the preferred RUindexes based on the change in the conditions. If the example STAcondition analyzer 206 determines that the ATM conditions and/or thelocation of the STA 100 have changed (block 320: YES), the processreturns to block 302. If the example STA condition analyzer 206determines that the ATM conditions and/or the location of the STA 100have not changed (block 320: NO), the process returns to block 314 untila change occurs.

FIG. 4 is an example flowchart 304 representative of example machinereadable instructions that may be executed by the example resourceallocation preference determiner 108 of FIG. 1 to determine preferred RUindexes for UL TX based on the expected TX power, as described above inconjunction with block 304 of FIG. 3. Although, the example flowchart304 is described in conjunction with the resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 of the example STA 100, the instructions may be executedby any of the resource allocation preference determiner of type of STA.

At block 402, the example RU index processor 202 selects a first RUindex from a list of available RU indexes for UL TX to the example AP102. At block 404, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines theallowable TX power level of the selected RU index for UL transmission.As described above in conjunction with FIG. 2, the example STA conditionanalyzer 206 determines the allowable TX power level to be the maximumamount of transmission power that may be used for UL TX withoutinterfering (e.g., more than a threshold amount of interference) withthe transmissions/receptions of the example ATM modem 106.

At block 406, the example STA conditional analyzer 206 determines if theallowable TX power level is more than the expected TX power (e.g., fromthe AP 102). If the example STA conditional analyzer 206 determines thatthe allowable TX power level is more than the expected TX power (block406: YES), the example RU index processor 202 includes the selected RUindex in the preferred RU indexes (block 408). If the example STAconditional analyzer 206 determines that the allowable TX power level isnot more than the expected TX power (block 406: NO), the example RUindex processor 202 does not include the selected RU index in thepreferred RU indexes (block 410). At block 412, the example RU indexprocessor 202 determines if there are one or more additional RU indexesto process. If the example RU index processor 202 determines that thereare one or more additional RU indexes to process (block 412: YES), theexample RU index processor 202 selects a subsequent RU index (block414), and the process returns to block 404 to determine if thesubsequent RU index should be included in the preferred RU indexes. Ifthe example RU index processor 202 determines that no additional RUindexes are available to process (block 412: NO), the process returns toblock 306 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is an example flowchart 306 representative of example machinereadable instructions that may be executed by the example resourceallocation preference determiner 108 of FIG. 1 to determine preferred RUindexes for DL RX based on a noise threshold, as described above inconjunction with block 306 of FIG. 3. Although, the example flowchart306 is described in conjunction with the resource allocation preferencedeterminer 108 of the example STA 100, the instructions may be executedby any of the resource allocation preference determiner of type of STA.

At block 502, the example RU index processor 202 selects a first RUindex from a list of available RU indexes for UL TX to the example AP102. At block 504, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines theexpected noise floor at the selected RU index caused by the transmissionof the example ATM modem 106. As described above in conjunction withFIG. 2, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines the noisefloor for the selected RU index based on noise sources and unwantedsignals in the STA 100 at the selected RU index.

At block 506, the example STA conditional analyzer 206 determines if theexpected noise floor at the selected RU index is less than a noisethreshold (e.g., a predefined noise threshold). If the example STAconditional analyzer 206 determines that the expected noise floor at theselected RU index is less than the noise threshold (block 506: YES), theexample RU index processor 202 includes the selected RU index in thepreferred RU indexes (block 508). If the example STA conditionalanalyzer 206 determines that the expected noise floor at the selected RUindex is not less than the noise threshold (block 506: NO), the exampleRU index processor 202 does not include the selected RU index in thepreferred RU indexes (block 510). At block 512, the example RU indexprocessor 202 determines if there are one or more additional RU indexesto process. If the example RU index processor 202 determines that thereare one or more additional RU indexes to process (block 512: YES), theexample RU index processor 202 selects a subsequent RU index (block514), and the process returns to block 504 to determine if thesubsequent RU index should be included in the preferred RU indexes. Ifthe example RU index processor 202 determines that no additional RUindexes are available to process (block 512: NO), the process returns toblock 306 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is an example flowchart 600 representative of example machinereadable instructions that may be executed by the example resourceallocation preference determiner 108 of FIG. 1 to improve networkthroughput in a wireless communications network. Although, the exampleflowchart 600 is described in conjunction with the resource allocationpreference determiner 108 of the example STA 100, the instructions maybe executed by any of the resource allocation preference determiner oftype of STA. The example flowchart 600 corresponds to a heuristicalgorithm that may be performed by the example resource allocationpreference determiner 108 when partial information on interferencecharacteristics and/or platform characteristics are available to theexample STA 100. For example, the flowchart 600 may be performed by theexample resource allocation preference determiner 108 when the STA 100has knowledge of an active interfering radio adjacent to it, but doesnot have a calculated allowed TX power per RU or when an interferingradio is not co-located with the STA 100.

At block 602, the example RU index processor 202 selects one or more RUindexes for preferred DL RX and/or UL TX. The example RU index processor202 may select the one or more RU indexes based on the RU index(es) mostlikely to not be affected by interference (e.g., RU indexes thathistorically have been deemed preferred and/or RU indexes correspondingto frequencies furthest from frequencies used by the ATM modem 106 ofFIG. 1 and/or any other ATM modem). The selected RU index(es) for DL RXmay be the same or different then the index(es) selected for UL TX.

At block 604, the example packet generator 204 generates a RAPR based onthe preferred RU index(es) for UL TX and/or DL RX. As described above,the RAPR may include a list of the preferred RU index(es) for UL TXand/or DL RX or may include a min/max RU index representative of apreferred range of RU index(es). At block 606, the example STA componentinterface 200 interfaces with the example radio architecture 104 totransmit the RAPR to the example AP 102. At block 608, the example STAcondition analyzer 206 measures the data success rate for DL RX based onthe use of the selected RU index(es) for DL RX. The example STAconditional analyzer 206 may interface with the radio architecture 104(e.g., via the example STA component interface 200) to obtain the datasuccess rate and/or data corresponding to the data success rate. Atblock 610, the example STA condition analyzer 206 measures the datasuccess rate for UL TX based on the use of the selected RU index(es) forUL TX. The example STA conditional analyzer 206 may interface with theATM modem 106 (e.g., via the example STA component interface 200 toobtain a report corresponding to the RX bit error rate that the ATMmodem 106 is experiencing) to obtain the data success rate and/or datacorresponding to the data success rate.

At block 612, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines if theDL RX data success rate is above a rate threshold (e.g., a predefinedrate threshold). If the example STA condition analyzer 206 determinesthat the DL RX data success rate is above the rate threshold (block 612:YES), the example RU index processor 202 increases the range of thepreferred RU index(es) for the DL RX (e.g., by adding one or more RUindexes to the preferred RU indexes) (block 614). If the example STAcondition analyzer 206 determines that the DL RX data success rate isnot above the rate threshold (block 612: NO), the example RU indexprocessor 202 decreases the range of the preferred RU index(es) (e.g.,by removing one or more RU indexes to the preferred RU indexes) and/orselects a new preferred RU index for the DL RX (block 616). For example,the RU index processor 202 may decrease the range when there are two ormore RU indexes in the preferred RX index range and may select a newpreferred RU index when there is only one RU index in the preferred RUindex range.

At block 618, the example STA condition analyzer 206 determines if theUL TX data success rate is above a rate threshold (e.g., a predefinedrate threshold which may be the same or different than the ratethreshold used in block 616). If the example STA condition analyzer 206determines that the UL TX data success rate is above the rate threshold(block 618: YES), the example RU index processor 202 increases the rangeof the preferred RU index(es) for the UL TX (e.g., by adding one or moreRU indexes to the preferred RU indexes) (block 620). If the example STAcondition analyzer 206 determines that the UL TX data success rate isnot above the rate threshold (block 618: NO), the example RU indexprocessor 202 decreases the range of the preferred RU index(es) (e.g.,by removing one or more RU indexes to the preferred RU indexes) and/orselects a new preferred RU index for the UL TX (block 622). For example,the RU index processor 202 may decrease the range when there are two ormore RU indexes in the preferred RX index range and may select a newpreferred RU index when there is only one RU index in the preferred RUindex range. After block 622, the process returns to block 604 togenerate a RAPR based on the updated preferred RU indexes.

FIG. 7 illustrates example diagrams 700, 710 corresponding to adetermination of preferred RUs for downlink reception and uplinktransmission by the example resource allocation preference determiner108 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2. The example TX timing diagram 700 includes anexample allowed TX power for coexistence 702 and an example minimum TXpower requirement 704 (e.g., from the example AP 102 of FIG. 1). Theexample RX timing diagram 710 includes an example expected noise floor712 and an example minimal RSSI level 714.

The example allowed TX power for coexistence 702 of FIG. 7 correspondsto the maximum amount of power that may be utilized for transmission ofUL packets without substantially interfering with the example ATM modem106 of FIG. 1. In the illustrated example, the first RU indexes(RU1-RU4) have a lower allowable TX power than the example minimum TXpower requirement 704. Accordingly, transmitting UL packets to the APusing any set of RU indexes that include any one of RU1-RU4 will notmeet the example minimum TX power requirement 704. Thus, the exampleresource allocation preference determiner 108 selects the RU indexes(RU5-12), whose allowable power satisfies the example minimum TX powerrequirement 704, as preferred RU indexes.

The example allowed expected noise floor 712 of FIG. 7 corresponds tothe noise caused by the example ATM modem 106 that may cause significantinterface on reception of a DL packet by the example radio architecture104. In the illustrated example, the first RU indexes (RU1-RU5) have ahigher noise floor than the example minimal RSSI level 714. Accordingly,reception of DL packets from the AP 102 using any set of RU indexes thatinclude any one of RU1-RU5 will not meet the example minimal RSSI level714, thereby likely including enough interference to decreasethroughput. Thus, the example resource allocation preference determiner108 selects the RU indexes (RU6-12), whose expected noise floor is belowthe example minimal RSSI level 714, as preferred RU indexes.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a radio architecture 104 in accordance withsome embodiments that may be implemented in the example STA 100. Radioarchitecture 104 may include radio front-end module (FEM) circuitry 804a, 804 b, radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b and baseband processingcircuitry 808 a, 808 b. Radio architecture 104 as shown includes bothWireless Local Area Network (WLAN) functionality and Bluetooth (BT)functionality although embodiments are not so limited. In thisdisclosure, “WLAN” and “Wi-Fi” are used interchangeably.

FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b may include a WLAN or Wi-Fi FEM circuitry 804a and a Bluetooth (BT) FEM circuitry 804 b. The WLAN FEM circuitry 804 amay include a receive signal path comprising circuitry configured tooperate on WLAN RF signals received from one or more antennas 801, toamplify the received signals and to provide the amplified versions ofthe received signals to the WLAN radio IC circuitry 806 a for furtherprocessing. The BT FEM circuitry 804 b may include a receive signal pathwhich may include circuitry configured to operate on BT RF signalsreceived from one or more antennas 801, to amplify the received signalsand to provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the BTradio IC circuitry 806 b for further processing. FEM circuitry 804 a mayalso include a transmit signal path which may include circuitryconfigured to amplify WLAN signals provided by the radio IC circuitry806 a for wireless transmission by one or more of the antennas 801. Inaddition, FEM circuitry 804 b may also include a transmit signal pathwhich may include circuitry configured to amplify BT signals provided bythe radio IC circuitry 806 b for wireless transmission by the one ormore antennas. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, although FEM 804 a and FEM804 b are shown as being distinct from one another, embodiments are notso limited, and include within their scope the use of an FEM (not shown)that includes a transmit path and/or a receive path for both WLAN and BTsignals, or the use of one or more FEM circuitries where at least someof the FEM circuitries share transmit and/or receive signal paths forboth WLAN and BT signals.

Radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b as shown may include WLAN radio ICcircuitry 806 a and BT radio IC circuitry 806 b. The WLAN radio ICcircuitry 806 a may include a receive signal path which may includecircuitry to down-convert WLAN RF signals received from the FEMcircuitry 804 a and provide baseband signals to WLAN baseband processingcircuitry 808 a. BT radio IC circuitry 806 b may in turn include areceive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert BT RFsignals received from the FEM circuitry 804 b and provide basebandsignals to BT baseband processing circuitry 808 b. WLAN radio ICcircuitry 806 a may also include a transmit signal path which mayinclude circuitry to up-convert WLAN baseband signals provided by theWLAN baseband processing circuitry 808 a and provide WLAN RF outputsignals to the FEM circuitry 804 a for subsequent wireless transmissionby the one or more antennas 801. BT radio IC circuitry 806 b may alsoinclude a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convertBT baseband signals provided by the BT baseband processing circuitry 808b and provide BT RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 804 b forsubsequent wireless transmission by the one or more antennas 801. In theembodiment of FIG. 8, although radio IC circuitries 806 a and 806 b areshown as being distinct from one another, embodiments are not solimited, and include within their scope the use of a radio IC circuitry(not shown) that includes a transmit signal path and/or a receive signalpath for both WLAN and BT signals, or the use of one or more radio ICcircuitries where at least some of the radio IC circuitries sharetransmit and/or receive signal paths for both WLAN and BT signals.

Baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 b may include a WLAN basebandprocessing circuitry 808 a and a BT baseband processing circuitry 808 b.The WLAN baseband processing circuitry 808 a may include a memory, suchas, for example, a set of RAM arrays in a Fast Fourier Transform orInverse Fast Fourier Transform block (not shown) of the WLAN basebandprocessing circuitry 808 a. Each of the WLAN baseband circuitry 808 aand the BT baseband circuitry 808 b may further include one or moreprocessors and control logic to process the signals received from thecorresponding WLAN or BT receive signal path of the radio IC circuitry806 a, 806 b, and to also generate corresponding WLAN or BT basebandsignals for the transmit signal path of the radio IC circuitry 806 a,806 b. Each of the baseband processing circuitries 808 a and 808 b mayfurther include physical layer (PHY) and medium access control layer(MAC) circuitry, and may further interface with application processor810 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and forcontrolling operations of the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b.

Referring still to FIG. 8, according to the shown embodiment, WLAN-BTcoexistence circuitry 813 may include logic providing an interfacebetween the WLAN baseband circuitry 808 a and the BT baseband circuitry808 b to enable use cases requiring WLAN and BT coexistence. Inaddition, a switch 803 may be provided between the WLAN FEM circuitry804 a and the BT FEM circuitry 804 b to allow switching between the WLANand BT radios according to application needs. In addition, although theantennas 801 are depicted as being respectively connected to the WLANFEM circuitry 804 a and the BT FEM circuitry 804 b, embodiments includewithin their scope the sharing of one or more antennas as between theWLAN and BT FEMs, or the provision of more than one antenna connected toeach of FEM 804 a or 804 b.

In some embodiments, the front-end module circuitry 804 a, 804 b, theradio IC circuitry 806 a-b, and baseband processing circuitry 808 a-bmay be provided on a single radio card, such as wireless radio card 802.In some other embodiments, the one or more antennas 801, the FEMcircuitry 804 a, b and the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b may beprovided on a single radio card. In some other embodiments, the radio ICcircuitry 806 a, 806 b and the baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808b may be provided on a single chip or integrated circuit (IC), such asIC 812.

In some embodiments, the wireless radio card 802 may include a WLANradio card and may be configured for Wi-Fi communications, although thescope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some ofthese embodiments, the radio architecture 104 may be configured toreceive and transmit orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) ororthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communicationsignals over a multicarrier communication channel. The OFDM or OFDMAsignals may comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.

In some of these multicarrier embodiments, radio architecture 104 may bepart of a Wi-Fi communication station (STA) such as a wireless accesspoint (AP), a base station or a mobile device including a Wi-Fi device.In some of these embodiments, radio architecture 104 may be configuredto transmit and receive signals in accordance with specificcommunication standards and/or protocols, such as any of the Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards including,802.11n-2009, IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11-2016, 802.11n-2009,802.11ac, 802.11ah, 802.11ad, 802.11ay and/or 802.11ax standards and/orproposed specifications for WLANs, although the scope of embodiments isnot limited in this respect. Radio architecture 104 may also be suitableto transmit and/or receive communications in accordance with othertechniques and standards.

In some embodiments, the radio architecture 104 may be configured forhigh-efficiency Wi-Fi (HEW) communications in accordance with the IEEE802.11ax standard. In these embodiments, the radio architecture 104 maybe configured to communicate in accordance with an OFDMA technique,although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some other embodiments, the radio architecture 104 may be configuredto transmit and receive signals transmitted using one or more othermodulation techniques such as spread spectrum modulation (e.g., directsequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and/or frequencyhopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA)), time-divisionmultiplexing (TDM) modulation, and/or frequency-division multiplexing(FDM) modulation, although the scope of the embodiments is not limitedin this respect.

In some embodiments, as further shown in FIG. 8, the BT basebandcircuitry 808 b may be compliant with a Bluetooth (BT) connectivitystandard such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth 9.0 or Bluetooth 8.0, or any otheriteration of the Bluetooth Standard. In embodiments that include BTfunctionality as shown for example in FIG. 8, the radio architecture 104may be configured to establish a BT synchronous connection oriented(SCO) link and or a BT low energy (BT LE) link. In some of theembodiments that include functionality, the radio architecture 104 maybe configured to establish an extended SCO (eSCO) link for BTcommunications, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited inthis respect. In some of these embodiments that include a BTfunctionality, the radio architecture may be configured to engage in aBT Asynchronous Connection-Less (ACL) communications, although the scopeof the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some embodiments,as shown in FIG. 8, the functions of a BT radio card and WLAN radio cardmay be combined on a single wireless radio card, such as single wirelessradio card 802, although embodiments are not so limited, and includewithin their scope discrete WLAN and BT radio cards.

In some embodiments, the radio-architecture 104 may include other radiocards, such as a cellular radio card configured for cellular (e.g., 5GPPsuch as LTE, LTE-Advanced or 7G communications).

In some IEEE 802.11 embodiments, the radio architecture 104 may beconfigured for communication over various channel bandwidths includingbandwidths having center frequencies of about 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz,and bandwidths of about 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 8 5 MHz, 5.5 MHz, 6 MHz, 8 MHz, 10MHz, 40 MHz, 9 GHz, 46 GHz, 80 MHz, 100 MHz, 80 MHz (with contiguousbandwidths) or 80+80 MHz (160 MHz) (with non-contiguous bandwidths). Insome embodiments, a 920 MHz channel bandwidth may be used. The scope ofthe embodiments is not limited with respect to the above centerfrequencies however.

FIG. 9 illustrates FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b in accordance with someembodiments. The FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b is one example of circuitrythat may be suitable for use as the WLAN and/or BT FEM circuitry 804a/804 b (FIG. 9), although other circuitry configurations may also besuitable.

In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b may include a TX/RXswitch 902 to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation.The FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b may include a receive signal path and atransmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 804a, 804 b may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 906 to amplify receivedRF signals 903 and provide the amplified received RF signals 907 as anoutput (e.g., to the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b (FIG. 8)). Thetransmit signal path of the circuitry 804 a, 804 b may include a poweramplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals 909 (e.g., provided by theradio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b), and one or more filters 912, such asband-pass filters (BPFs), low-pass filters (LPFs) or other types offilters, to generate RF signals 915 for subsequent transmission (e.g.,by one or more of the antennas 801 (FIG. 8)) via an example duplexer914.

In some dual-mode embodiments for Wi-Fi communication, the FEM circuitry804 a, 804 b may be configured to operate in either the 2.4 GHzfrequency spectrum or the 9 GHz frequency spectrum. In theseembodiments, the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 bmay include a receive signal path duplexer 904 to separate the signalsfrom each spectrum as well as provide a separate LNA 906 for eachspectrum as shown. In these embodiments, the transmit signal path of theFEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b may also include a power amplifier 910 and afilter 912, such as a BPF, a LPF or another type of filter for eachfrequency spectrum and a transmit signal path duplexer 904 to providethe signals of one of the different spectrums onto a single transmitpath for subsequent transmission by the one or more of the antennas 801(FIG. 8). In some embodiments, BT communications may utilize the 2.4 GHZsignal paths and may utilize the same FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b as theone used for WLAN communications.

FIG. 10 illustrates radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b in accordance withsome embodiments. The radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b is one example ofcircuitry that may be suitable for use as the WLAN or BT radio ICcircuitry 806 a/806 b (FIG. 8), although other circuitry configurationsmay also be suitable.

In some embodiments, the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b may include areceive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal pathof the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b may include at least mixercircuitry 1002, such as, for example, down-conversion mixer circuitry,amplifier circuitry 1006 and filter circuitry 1008. The transmit signalpath of the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b may include at least filtercircuitry 1012 and mixer circuitry 1014, such as, for example,up-conversion mixer circuitry. Radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b may alsoinclude synthesizer circuitry 1004 for synthesizing a frequency 1005 foruse by the mixer circuitry 1002 and the mixer circuitry 1014. The mixercircuitry 1002 and/or 1014 may each, according to some embodiments, beconfigured to provide direct conversion functionality. The latter typeof circuitry presents a much simpler architecture as compared withstandard super-heterodyne mixer circuitries, and any flicker noisebrought about by the same may be alleviated for example through the useof OFDM modulation. FIG. 10 illustrates only a simplified version of aradio IC circuitry, and may include, although not shown, embodimentswhere each of the depicted circuitries may include more than onecomponent. For instance, mixer circuitry 1014 may each include one ormore mixers, and filter circuitries 1008 and/or 1012 may each includeone or more filters, such as one or more BPFs and/or LPFs according toapplication needs. For example, when mixer circuitries are of thedirect-conversion type, they may each include two or more mixers.

In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 1002 may be configured todown-convert RF signals 907 received from the FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b(FIG. 8) based on the synthesized frequency 1005 provided by synthesizercircuitry 1004. The amplifier circuitry 1006 may be configured toamplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 1008 mayinclude a LPF configured to remove unwanted signals from thedown-converted signals to generate output baseband signals 1007. Outputbaseband signals 1007 may be provided to the baseband processingcircuitry 808 a, 808 b (FIG. 8) for further processing. In someembodiments, the output baseband signals 1007 may be zero-frequencybaseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In someembodiments, mixer circuitry 1002 may comprise passive mixers, althoughthe scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1014 may be configured toup-convert input baseband signals 1011 based on the synthesizedfrequency 1005 provided by the synthesizer circuitry 1004 to generate RFoutput signals 909 for the FEM circuitry 804 a, 804 b. The basebandsignals 1011 may be provided by the baseband processing circuitry 808 a,808 b and may be filtered by filter circuitry 1012. The filter circuitry1012 may include a LPF or a BPF, although the scope of the embodimentsis not limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1002 and the mixer circuitry1014 may each include two or more mixers and may be arranged forquadrature down-conversion and/or up-conversion respectively with thehelp of synthesizer 1004. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1002and the mixer circuitry 1014 may each include two or more mixers eachconfigured for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In someembodiments, the mixer circuitry 1002 and the mixer circuitry 1014 maybe arranged for direct down-conversion and/or direct up-conversion,respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1002 and themixer circuitry 1014 may be configured for super-heterodyne operation,although this is not a requirement.

Mixer circuitry 1002 may comprise, according to one embodiment:quadrature passive mixers (e.g., for the in-phase (I) and quadraturephase (Q) paths). In such an embodiment, RF input signal 907 from FIG.10 may be down-converted to provide I and Q baseband output signals tobe sent to the baseband processor

Quadrature passive mixers may be driven by zero and ninety-degreetime-varying LO switching signals provided by a quadrature circuitrywhich may be configured to receive a LO frequency (fLO) from a localoscillator or a synthesizer, such as LO frequency 1005 of synthesizer1004 (FIG. 10). In some embodiments, the LO frequency may be the carrierfrequency, while in other embodiments, the LO frequency may be afraction of the carrier frequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency,one-third the carrier frequency). In some embodiments, the zero andninety-degree time-varying switching signals may be generated by thesynthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited inthis respect.

In some embodiments, the LO signals may differ in duty cycle (thepercentage of one period in which the LO signal is high) and/or offset(the difference between start points of the period). In someembodiments, the LO signals may have a 105% duty cycle and a 100%offset. In some embodiments, each branch of the mixer circuitry (e.g.,the in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) path) may operate at a 100%duty cycle, which may result in a significant reduction is powerconsumption.

The RF input signal 907 (FIG. 9) may comprise a balanced signal,although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.The I and Q baseband output signals may be provided to low-noseamplifier, such as amplifier circuitry 1006 (FIG. 10) or to filtercircuitry 1008 (FIG. 10).

In some embodiments, the output baseband signals 1007 and the inputbaseband signals 1011 may be analog baseband signals, although the scopeof the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternateembodiments, the output baseband signals 1007 and the input basebandsignals 1011 may be digital baseband signals. In these alternateembodiments, the radio IC circuitry may include analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry.

In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may beprovided for processing signals for each spectrum, or for otherspectrums not mentioned here, although the scope of the embodiments isnot limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1004 may be afractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although thescope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other typesof frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizercircuitry 1004 may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier,or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequencydivider. According to some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1004may include digital synthesizer circuitry. An advantage of using adigital synthesizer circuitry is that, although it may still includesome analog components, its footprint may be scaled down much more thanthe footprint of an analog synthesizer circuitry. In some embodiments,frequency input into synthesizer circuitry 1004 may be provided by avoltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement.A divider control input may further be provided by either the basebandprocessing circuitry 808 a, 808 b (FIG. 8) or the application processor810 (FIG. 8) depending on the desired output frequency 1005. In someembodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from alook-up table (e.g., within a Wi-Fi card) based on a channel number anda channel center frequency as determined or indicated by the applicationprocessor 810. The application processor 810 may include, or otherwisebe connected to, the example resource allocation preference determiner108 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2.

In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 1004 may be configured togenerate a carrier frequency as the output frequency 1005, while inother embodiments, the output frequency 1005 may be a fraction of thecarrier frequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency, one-third thecarrier frequency). In some embodiments, the output frequency 1005 maybe a LO frequency (fLO).

FIG. 11 illustrates a functional block diagram of baseband processingcircuitry 808 a, 808 b in accordance with some embodiments. The basebandprocessing circuitry 808 a, 808 b is one example of circuitry that maybe suitable for use as the baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 b(FIG. 8), although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.The baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 b may include a receivebaseband processor (RX BBP) 1102 for processing receive baseband signals1109 provided by the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b (FIG. 8) and atransmit baseband processor (TX BBP) 1104 for generating transmitbaseband signals 1111 for the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b. Thebaseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 b may also include controllogic 1106 for coordinating the operations of the baseband processingcircuitry 808 a, 808 b.

In some embodiments (e.g., when analog baseband signals are exchangedbetween the baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 b and the radio ICcircuitry 806 a, 806 b), the baseband processing circuitry 808 a, 808 bmay include ADC 1110 to convert analog baseband signals 1109 receivedfrom the radio IC circuitry 806 a, 806 b to digital baseband signals forprocessing by the RX BBP 1102. In these embodiments, the basebandprocessing circuitry 808 a, 808 b may also include DAC 1112 to convertdigital baseband signals from the TX BBP 1104 to analog baseband signals1111.

In some embodiments that communicate OFDM signals or OFDMA signals, suchas through baseband processor 808 a, the transmit baseband processor1104 may be configured to generate OFDM or OFDMA signals as appropriatefor transmission by performing an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).The receive baseband processor 1102 may be configured to processreceived OFDM signals or OFDMA signals by performing an FFT. In someembodiments, the receive baseband processor 1102 may be configured todetect the presence of an OFDM signal or OFDMA signal by performing anautocorrelation, to detect a preamble, such as a short preamble, and byperforming a cross-correlation or autocorrelation, to detect a longpreamble. The preambles may be part of a predetermined frame structurefor Wi-Fi communication.

Referring back to FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the antennas 801 (FIG. 8)may each comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas,including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patchantennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennassuitable for transmission of RF signals. In some multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas may be effectivelyseparated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the differentchannel characteristics that may result. Antennas 801 may each include aset of phased-array antennas, although embodiments are not so limited.

Although the radio-architecture 104 is illustrated as having severalseparate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements maybe combined and may be implemented by combinations ofsoftware-configured elements, such as processing elements includingdigital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements. Forexample, some elements may comprise one or more microprocessors, DSPs,field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) andcombinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing atleast the functions described herein. In some embodiments, thefunctional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on oneor more processing elements.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an example processor platform 1200 capableof executing the instructions of FIG. 3-6 to implement the exampleresource allocation preference determiner 108 of FIGS. 1 and/or 2. Theprocessor platform 1200 can be, for example, a server, a personalcomputer, a mobile device (e.g., a cell phone, a smart phone, a tabletsuch as an iPad™), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an Internetappliance, or any other type of computing device.

The processor platform 1200 of the illustrated example includes aprocessor 1212. The processor 1212 of the illustrated example ishardware. For example, the processor 1212 can be implemented byintegrated circuits, logic circuits, microprocessors or controllers fromany desired family or manufacturer.

The processor 1212 of the illustrated example includes a local memory1213 (e.g., a cache). The example processor 1212 of FIG. 12 executes theinstructions of FIG. 4-6 to implement the example STA componentinterface 200, the example RU index processor 202, the example packetgenerator 204, and/or the example STA condition analyzer 206 of FIG. 2and/or the example application processor 810 of FIG. 8. The processor1212 of the illustrated example is in communication with a main memoryincluding a volatile memory 1214 and a non-volatile memory 1216 via abus 1218. The volatile memory 1214 may be implemented by SynchronousDynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM), RAMBUS Dynamic Random Access Memory (RDRAM) and/or any othertype of random access memory device. The non-volatile memory 1216 may beimplemented by flash memory and/or any other desired type of memorydevice. Access to the main memory 1214, 1216 is controlled by a clockcontroller.

The processor platform 1200 of the illustrated example also includes aninterface circuit 1220. The interface circuit 1220 may be implemented byany type of interface standard, such as an Ethernet interface, auniversal serial bus (USB), and/or a PCI express interface.

In the illustrated example, one or more input devices 1222 are connectedto the interface circuit 1220. The input device(s) 1222 permit(s) a userto enter data and commands into the processor 1212. The input device(s)can be implemented by, for example, a sensor, a microphone, a camera(still or video), a keyboard, a button, a mouse, a touchscreen, atrack-pad, a trackball, isopoint and/or a voice recognition system.

One or more output devices 1224 are also connected to the interfacecircuit 1220 of the illustrated example. The output devices 1224 can beimplemented, for example, by display devices (e.g., a light emittingdiode (LED), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a liquid crystaldisplay, a cathode ray tube display (CRT), a touchscreen, a tactileoutput device, and/or speakers). The interface circuit 1220 of theillustrated example, thus, typically includes a graphics driver card, agraphics driver chip or a graphics driver processor.

The interface circuit 1220 of the illustrated example also includes acommunication device such as a transmitter, a receiver, a transceiver, amodem and/or network interface card to facilitate exchange of data withexternal machines (e.g., computing devices of any kind) via a network1226 (e.g., an Ethernet connection, a digital subscriber line (DSL), atelephone line, coaxial cable, a cellular telephone system, etc.).

The processor platform 1200 of the illustrated example also includes oneor more mass storage devices 1228 for storing software and/or data.Examples of such mass storage devices 1228 include floppy disk drives,hard drive disks, compact disk drives, Blu-ray disk drives, RAIDsystems, and digital versatile disk (DVD) drives.

The coded instructions 1232 of FIGS. 3-6 may be stored in the massstorage device 1228, in the volatile memory 1214, in the non-volatilememory 1216, and/or on a removable tangible computer readable storagemedium such as a CD or DVD.

Example 1 includes an apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference ina wireless network, the apparatus comprising a station componentinterface to receive an expected transmission power from an accesspoint, an index processor to determine a set of preferred resource unit(ru) indexes from a set of available ru indexes for at least one of (a)uplink transmission to the access point based on a comparison ofallowable transmission power and the expected transmission power or (b)downlink reception based on a comparison of a noise floor to a noisethreshold, and the station component interface to transmit a messageincluding the preferred ru indexes to the access point.

Example 2 includes the apparatus of example 1, further including astation condition analyzer to determine at least one of (a) theallowable transmission power of each of the available ru indexes or (b)the noise floor of each of the available ru indexes.

Example 3 includes the apparatus of example 1, wherein the indexprocessor is to determine the set of preferred ru indexes based onwhether the allowable transmission power satisfies the expectedtransmission power.

Example 4 includes the apparatus of example 1, further including astation condition analyzer to determine if a bandwidth requirement fortransmission is satisfied.

Example 5 includes the apparatus of example 4, further including apacket generator to, when the station condition analyzer determines thatthe bandwidth requirement is not satisfied, generate an updated messageincluding an expanded bandwidth of the preferred ru indexes, the stationcomponent interface to transmit the updated message to the access point.

Example 6 includes the apparatus of examples 1-5, wherein the indexprocessor is to determine the set of preferred ru indexes from the setof available ru indexes for uplink transmission by, when the allowabletransmission power is more than the expected transmission power,including an ru index in the set of preferred ru indexes for uplinktransmission.

Example 7 includes the apparatus of examples 1-5, wherein the indexprocessor is to determine the set of preferred ru indexes from the setof available ru indexes for downlink reception by, when the noise flooris less than the noise threshold, including an ru index in the set ofpreferred ru indexes for downlink reception.

Example 8 includes the apparatus of examples 1-5, further including astation condition analyzer to measure a data success rate correspondingto the preferred ru indexes for at least one of the uplink transmissionor the downlink transmission, the index processor to when the datasuccess rate is above a threshold, increase a range of the preferred ruindexes, and when the data success rate is below the threshold, decreasethe range of the preferred ru indexes.

Example 9 includes a method to mitigate coexistence interference in awireless network, the method comprising receiving, by executing aninstruction using a processor, an expected transmission power from anaccess point, determining, by executing an instruction using theprocessor, a set of preferred resource unit (ru) indexes from a set ofavailable ru indexes for at least one of (a) uplink transmission to theaccess point based on a comparison of allowable transmission power andthe expected transmission power or (b) downlink reception based on acomparison of a noise floor to a noise threshold, and transmitting, byexecuting an instruction using the processor, a message including thepreferred ru indexes to the access point.

Example 10 includes the method of example 9, further including a stationcondition analyzer to determine at least one of (a) the allowabletransmission power of each of the available ru indexes or (b) the noisefloor of each of the available ru indexes.

Example 11 includes the method of example 9, wherein the index processoris to determine the set of preferred ru indexes based on whether theallowable transmission power satisfies the expected transmission power.

Example 12 includes the method of example 9, further includingdetermining if a bandwidth requirement for transmission is satisfied.

Example 13 includes the method of example 12, further including, whenthe bandwidth requirement is not satisfied, generating an updatedmessage including an expanded bandwidth of the preferred ru indexes andtransmitting the updated message to the access point.

Example 14 includes the method of examples 9-13, wherein the determiningof the set of preferred ru indexes from the set of available ru indexesfor uplink transmission includes, when the allowable transmission poweris more than the expected transmission power, including an ru index inthe set of preferred ru indexes for uplink transmission.

Example 15 includes the method of examples 9-13, wherein the determiningof the set of preferred ru indexes from the set of available ru indexesfor downlink reception includes, when the noise floor is less than thenoise threshold, including an ru index in the set of preferred ruindexes for downlink reception.

Example 16 includes the method of examples 9-13, further includingmeasuring a data success rate corresponding to the preferred ru indexesfor at least one of the uplink transmission or the downlinktransmission, when the data success rate is above a threshold, increasea range of the preferred ru indexes, and when the data success rate isbelow the threshold, decrease the range of the preferred ru indexes.

Example 17 includes a non-transitory computer readable storage mediumincluding instructions which, when executed, cause a machine to at leastreceive an expected transmission power from an access point, determine aset of preferred resource unit (ru) indexes from a set of available ruindexes for at least one of (a) uplink transmission to the access pointbased on a comparison of allowable transmission power and the expectedtransmission power or (b) downlink reception based on a comparison of anoise floor to a noise threshold, and transmit a message including thepreferred ru indexes to the access point.

Example 18 includes the computer readable storage medium of example 17,wherein the instructions cause the machine to determine at least one of(a) the allowable transmission power of each of the available ru indexesor (b) the noise floor of each of the available ru indexes.

Example 19 includes the computer readable storage medium of example 17,wherein the instructions cause the machine to determine the set ofpreferred ru indexes based on whether the allowable transmission powersatisfies the expected transmission power.

Example 20 includes the computer readable storage medium of example 17,wherein the instructions cause the machine to determine if a bandwidthrequirement for transmission is satisfied.

Example 21 includes the computer readable storage medium of example 20,wherein the instructions cause the machine to, when the bandwidthrequirement is not satisfied, generate an updated message including anexpanded bandwidth of the preferred ru indexes and transmit the updatedmessage to the access point.

Example 22 includes the computer readable storage medium of examples17-21, wherein the instructions cause the machine to determine the setof preferred ru indexes from the set of available ru indexes for uplinktransmission by, when the allowable transmission power is more than theexpected transmission power, including an ru index in the set ofpreferred ru indexes for uplink transmission.

Example 23 includes the computer readable storage medium of examples17-21, wherein the instructions cause the machine to determine the setof preferred ru indexes from the set of available ru indexes fordownlink reception by, when the noise floor is less than the noisethreshold, including an ru index in the set of preferred ru indexes fordownlink reception.

Example 24 includes the computer readable storage medium of examples17-21, wherein the instructions cause the machine to measure a datasuccess rate corresponding to the preferred ru indexes for at least oneof the uplink transmission or the downlink transmission, when the datasuccess rate is above a threshold, increase a range of the preferred ruindexes, and when the data success rate is below the threshold, decreasethe range of the preferred ru indexes.

Example 25 includes an apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference ina wireless network, the apparatus comprising memory and processingcircuitry, configured to interface to receive an expected transmissionpower from an access point, determine a set of preferred resource unit(ru) indexes from a set of available ru indexes for at least one of (a)uplink transmission to the access point based on a comparison ofallowable transmission power and the expected transmission power or (b)downlink reception based on a comparison of a noise floor to a noisethreshold, and transmit a message including the preferred ru indexes tothe access point.

Example 26 includes the apparatus of example 25, wherein the memory andprocessing circuitry is configured to determine at least one of (a) theallowable transmission power of each of the available ru indexes or (b)the noise floor of each of the available ru indexes.

Example 27 includes the apparatus of example 25, wherein the memory andprocessing circuitry is configured to determine the set of preferred ruindexes based on whether the allowable transmission power satisfies theexpected transmission power.

Example 28 includes the apparatus of example 25, wherein the memory andprocessing circuitry is configured to determine if a bandwidthrequirement for transmission is satisfied.

Example 29 includes the apparatus of example 28, wherein the memory andprocessing circuitry is configured to, when the station conditionanalyzer determines that the bandwidth requirement is not satisfied,generate an updated message including an expanded bandwidth of thepreferred ru indexes, the station component interface to transmit theupdated message to the access point.

Example 30 includes the apparatus of example 25-29, wherein the memoryand processing circuitry is configured to determine the set of preferredru indexes from the set of available ru indexes for uplink transmissionby, when the allowable transmission power is more than the expectedtransmission power, including an ru index in the set of preferred ruindexes for uplink transmission.

Example 31 includes the apparatus of example 25-29, wherein the memoryand processing circuitry is configured to determine the set of preferredru indexes from the set of available ru indexes for downlink receptionby, when the noise floor is less than the noise threshold, including anru index in the set of preferred ru indexes for downlink reception.

Example 32 includes the apparatus of example 25-29, wherein the memoryand processing circuitry is configured to measure a data success ratecorresponding to the preferred ru indexes for at least one of the uplinktransmission or the downlink transmission, when the data success rate isabove a threshold, increase a range of the preferred ru indexes, andwhen the data success rate is below the threshold, decrease the range ofthe preferred ru indexes.

Example 33 includes an apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference ina wireless network, the apparatus comprising a first means for receivingan expected transmission power from an access point, a second means fordetermining a set of preferred resource unit (ru) indexes from a set ofavailable ru indexes for at least one of (a) uplink transmission to theaccess point based on a comparison of allowable transmission power andthe expected transmission power or (b) downlink reception based on acomparison of a noise floor to a noise threshold, and the first meansincluding means for transmitting a message including the preferred ruindexes to the access point.

Example 34 includes the apparatus of example 33, further including thirdmeans for determining at least one of (a) the allowable transmissionpower of each of the available ru indexes or (b) the noise floor of eachof the available ru indexes.

Example 35 includes the apparatus of example 33, wherein the secondmeans includes means for determining the set of preferred ru indexesbased on whether the allowable transmission power satisfies the expectedtransmission power.

Example 36 includes the apparatus of example 33, further including thirdmeans for determining if a bandwidth requirement for transmission issatisfied.

Example 37 includes the apparatus of example 36, further includingfourth means for, when the third means includes means for determiningthat the bandwidth requirement is not satisfied, generating an updatedmessage including an expanded bandwidth of the preferred ru indexes, thefirst means including means for transmitting the updated message to theaccess point.

Example 38 includes the apparatus of example 33-37, wherein the secondmeans includes means for determining the set of preferred ru indexesfrom the set of available ru indexes for uplink transmission by, whenthe allowable transmission power is more than the expected transmissionpower, including an ru index in the set of preferred ru indexes foruplink transmission.

Example 39 includes the apparatus of example 33-37, wherein the secondmeans includes means for determining the set of preferred ru indexesfrom the set of available ru indexes for downlink reception by, when thenoise floor is less than the noise threshold, including an ru index inthe set of preferred ru indexes for downlink reception.

Example 40 includes the apparatus of example 33-37, further includingthird means for measuring a data success rate corresponding to thepreferred ru indexes for at least one of the uplink transmission or thedownlink transmission, the second means including means for when thedata success rate is above a threshold, increasing a range of thepreferred ru indexes, and when the data success rate is below thethreshold, decreasing the range of the preferred ru indexes.

From the foregoing, it would be appreciated that the above disclosedmethod, apparatus, and articles of manufacture mitigate coexistenceinterference in a wireless network. Examples disclosed herein facilitatecommunication of a RAPR from a STA to an AP. The STA identifiespreferred RU indexes for UL TX and/or DL RX for OFDMA communicationsbased on expected noise floors and/or allowed TX power for coexistence.In this manner, overall throughput of LTE and WLAN traffic can beoptimized while both are utilized concurrently.

Although certain example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacturehave been described herein, the scope of coverage of this patent is notlimited thereto. On the contrary, this patent covers all methods,apparatus and articles of manufacture fairly falling within the scope ofthe claims of this patent.

1. An apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference in a wirelessnetwork, the apparatus comprising: an index processor to determine a setof preferred resource unit (RU) indexes from a set of available RUindexes for at least one of (A) an uplink transmission to an accesspoint based on a comparison of allowable transmission power and anexpected transmission power or (B) a downlink reception based on acomparison of a noise floor and a noise threshold; a station conditionanalyzer to determine a data success rate corresponding to the preferredRU indexes for the at least one of the uplink transmission or thedownlink reception; and the index processor to at least one of (a) addat least one additional RU index to the preferred RU indexes when thedata success rate is above a threshold or (b) remove at least one RUindex from the preferred RU indexes when the data success rate is belowthe threshold.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the stationcondition analyzer is to determine at least one of (A) the allowabletransmission power of each of the available RU indexes or (B) the noisefloor of each of the available RU indexes.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the index processor is to determine the set of preferred RUindexes based on whether the allowable transmission power satisfies theexpected transmission power.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein thestation condition analyzer is to determine whether a bandwidthrequirement for transmission is satisfied.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4,further including: a packet generator to, when the station conditionanalyzer determines that the bandwidth requirement is not satisfied,generate a message including an expanded bandwidth of the preferred RUindexes; and a station component interface to cause transmission of themessage to the access point.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theindex processor is to determine the set of preferred RU indexes from theset of available RU indexes for the uplink transmission by, when theallowable transmission power is more than the expected transmissionpower, including an RU index in the set of preferred RU indexes for theuplink transmission.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the indexprocessor is to determine the set of preferred RU indexes from the setof available RU indexes for the downlink reception by, when the noisefloor is less than the noise threshold, including an RU index in the setof preferred RU indexes for the downlink reception.
 8. The apparatus ofclaim 1, further including a station component interface to: receive theexpected transmission power from the access point; and causetransmission of a message including the preferred RU indexes to theaccess point.
 9. An apparatus to mitigate coexistence interference in awireless network, the apparatus comprising: memory; computer readableinstructions; and processor circuitry to execute the computer readableinstructions to: select a set of preferred resource unit (RU) indexesfrom a set of available RU indexes for at least one of (A) an uplinktransmission based on a comparison of allowable transmission power andan expected transmission power or (B) a downlink reception based on acomparison of a noise floor and a noise threshold; determine a datasuccess rate corresponding to the preferred RU indexes for the at leastone of the uplink transmission or the downlink reception; and at leastone of (a) increase a range of the preferred RU indexes by adding RUindexes when the data success rate is above a threshold or (b) decreasethe range of the preferred RU indexes by removing RU indexes when thedata success rate is below the threshold.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein the processor circuitry is to determine at least one of (A) theallowable transmission power of each of the available RU indexes or (B)the noise floor of each of the available RU indexes.
 11. The apparatusof claim 9, wherein the processor circuitry is to select the set ofpreferred RU indexes based on whether the allowable transmission powersatisfies the expected transmission power.
 12. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein the processor circuitry is to determine whether a bandwidthrequirement for transmission is satisfied.
 13. The apparatus of claim12, wherein the processor circuitry is to, when the bandwidthrequirement is not satisfied, generate an updated message including anexpanded bandwidth of the preferred RU indexes and transmitting theupdated message to an access point.
 14. The apparatus of claim 9,wherein the processor circuitry is to select the set of preferred RUindexes from the set of available RU indexes for the uplink transmissionby including an RU index in the set of preferred RU indexes for theuplink transmission in response to determining that the allowabletransmission power is more than the expected transmission power.
 15. Theapparatus of claim 9, wherein the processor circuitry is to select theset of preferred RU indexes from the set of available RU indexes for thedownlink reception by including an RU index in the set of preferred RUindexes for the downlink reception in response to determining that thenoise floor is less than the noise threshold.
 16. The apparatus of claim9, wherein the processor circuitry is to: obtain the expectedtransmission power from an access point; and cause transmission of amessage including the preferred RU indexes to the access point.
 17. Anon-transitory computer readable medium including instructions which,when executed, cause a station to at least: determine preferred resourceunit (RU) indexes for at least one of (A) an uplink transmission basedon a comparison of allowable transmission power and an expectedtransmission power or (B) a downlink reception based on a comparison ofa noise floor and a noise threshold; determine a data success ratecorresponding to the preferred RU indexes for the at least one of theuplink transmission or the downlink reception; and at least one of (a)add a first RU index to the preferred RU indexes when the data successrate satisfies a threshold or (b) remove a second RU index from thepreferred RU indexes when the data success rate does not satisfy thethreshold.
 18. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein theinstructions cause the station to determine at least one of (A) theallowable transmission power of each of available RU indexes or (B) thenoise floor of each of the available RU indexes.
 19. The computerreadable medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions cause the stationto determine the preferred RU indexes based on whether the allowabletransmission power satisfies the expected transmission power.
 20. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the instructions cause thestation to determine that a bandwidth requirement for transmission issatisfied.
 21. The computer readable medium of claim 20, wherein theinstructions cause the station to, when the bandwidth requirement is notsatisfied, generate an updated message including an expanded bandwidthof the preferred RU indexes and transmit the updated message to anaccess point.
 22. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein theinstructions cause the station to determine the preferred RU indexes forthe uplink transmission by, when the allowable transmission power isdetermined to be more than the expected transmission power, including athird RU index in the preferred RU indexes for the uplink transmission.23. The computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the instructionscause the station to determine the preferred RU indexes for the downlinkreception by, when the noise floor is determined to be less than thenoise threshold, including a third RU index in the preferred RU indexesfor the downlink reception.
 24. The computer readable medium of claim17, wherein the instructions cause the station to: obtain the expectedtransmission power from an access point; and cause transmission of amessage including the preferred RU indexes to the access point.